The Comprehensive Agrarian Reform free essay sample

Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program of 1988, also known as CARP, is a Philippine state policy that ensures and promotes welfare of landless farmers and farm workers, as well as elevation of social justice and equity among rural areas. CARP was established by the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law of 1988 (CARL) which aimed for a nation with equitable land ownership and empowered agrarian reform beneficiaries while, at least, improving social lives. The law was outlined by former President Corazon C. Aquino through Presidential Proclamation 131 and Executive Order 229 on June 22, 1987. The law was finally enacted by the 8th Congress of the Philippines and signed by Aquino on June 10, 1988. [edit] Spanish and American regimes During the Spanish regime, Philippines land ownership was ruled by private sectors, generally by the encomenderos, large landlords and friar feudal haciendas. Small farmers were struggling at that time for agrarian rights, especially that titular system was not infamous and ancestral domainship is their only legal basis for ownership. It was during the American occupation that agrarian reform finally stabilized. Even though there are some agrarian rights established by the American colonial government, few were only given initiatives and the rich agrarian families in countryside continue to rule their own lands. [edit] Presidential Decree 27 In 1972, President Ferdinand Marcos, issued second presidential order after the Martial Law, stating that the Philippines is a land reform nation. A month later, he issued Presidential Decree no. 27 which detailed the first comprehensive agrarian reform order that was attempted in the country. According to the law, an individual cannot own more than seven hectares of land. If this may happen, the remaining area will be parceled out and will be divided into individual tenants. Such tenant may enjoy a maximum of three hectares of irrigated land, or five hectares of unused land, where the new owners will pay royalty taxes and the computable amount of land to the original landholders for a maximum of fifteen years. If, however, there are sharecroppers sharing lands with less than seven hectares of land area, the land will be converted to leaseholders with fixed rents. Only rice and corn fields were included to the PD 27.. Komprehensibong Repormang agraryo Program From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Mula sa Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation , search Jump to: navigation , search Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program of 1988 , also known as CARP, is a Philippine state policy that ensures and promotes welfare of landless farmers and farm workers, as well as elevation of social justice and equity among rural areas . Komprehensibong Repormang agraryo ng Programa ng 1988, na kilala rin bilang Carp, ay isang Philippine patakaran ng estado na ang nagsisiguro at nagtataguyod sa kapakanan ng walang lupain magsasaka at sakahan manggagawa, pati na rin ang pagtataas ng panlipunang hustisya at katarungan sa mga rural na lugar . CARP was established by the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law of 1988 (CARL) which aimed for a nation with equitable land ownership and empowered agrarian reform beneficiaries while, at least, improving social lives. Carp ay itinatag sa pamamagitan ng Comprehensive Repormang agraryo Batas ng 1988 (Carl) na naglalayong para sa isang bansa na may pantay na lupa ang pagmamay-ari at kapangyarihan reporma agraryo benepisyaryo habang, hindi bababa sa, ang pagpapabuti ng panlipunang buhay. The law was outlined by former President Corazon C. Aquino through Presidential Proclamation 131 and Executive Order 229 on June 22, 1987. Ang mga batas ay naka-outline sa pamamagitan ng dating Presidente Corazon C. Aquino sa pamamagitan ng Presidential Proclamation 131 at Executive Order 229 sa Hunyo 22, 1987. The law was finally enacted by the 8th Congress of the Philippines and signed by Aquino on June 10, 1988. Ang batas ay enacted sa wakas ng 8th Kongreso ng Pilipinas at naka-sign sa pamamagitan ng Aquino sa 10 Hunyo 1988. [ edit ] Spanish and American regimes [ edit ] Espanyol at Amerikano regimes During the Spanish regime , Philippines land ownership was ruled by private sectors, generally by the encomenderos , large landlords and friar feudal haciendas . Sa panahon ng rehimeng Espanyol , Pilipinas lupang pagmamay-ari ay pinasiyahan sa pamamagitan ng mga pribadong sektor, sa pangkalahatan ng encomenderos , malaki-upa at prayle pyudal haciendas . Small farmers were struggling at that time for agrarian rights, especially that titular system was not infamous and ancestral domainship is their only legal basis for ownership. Maliit na magsasaka ay struggling sa oras na iyon para sa agraryo mga karapatan, lalo na ang may titulo na sistema ay hindi kalait-lait at minamana domainship ay ang kanilang lamang legal na batayan para sa pagmamay-ari. It was during the American occupation that agrarian reform finally stabilized. Ito ay sa panahon ng American trabaho na reporma agraryo sa wakas nagpapatatag. Even though there are some agrarian rights established by the American colonial government, few were only given initiatives and the rich agrarian families in countryside continue to rule their own lands. Kahit na may ilang mga karapatan agraryo itinatag ng Amerikanong kolonyal na pamahalaan, ay ilang lamang ibinigay pagkukusa at ang mayaman agraryo mga pamilya sa kabukiran patuloy na tuntunin ng kanilang sariling lupain. edit ] Presidential Decree 27 [ edit ] Presidential decree 27 In 1972, President Ferdinand Marcos , issued second presidential order after the Martial Law, stating that the Philippines is a land reform nation. Sa 1972, President Ferdinand Marcos , ipinalabas pangalawang pangulo order pagkatapos ng Martial Law, na nagpapahiwatig na ang Pilipinas ay isang lupain bansa reporma. A month later, he issued President ial Decree no. Isang buwan mamaya, siya inisyu Presidential decree no. 27 which detailed the first comprehensive agrarian reform order that was attempted in the country. 7 na mga detalyadong sa unang komprehensibong reporma agraryo order na tinangka sa bansa. According to the law, an individual cannot own more than seven hectares of land. Ayon sa batas, ang isang indibidwal ay hindi maaaring sariling higit sa pitong hectares ng lupa. If this may happen, the remaining area will be parceled out and will be divided into individual tenants. Kung ito ay maaaring mangyari, ang natitirang lugar ay parceled out at ay nahahati sa mga indibidwal na mga nangungupahan. Such tenant may enjoy a maximum of three hectares of irrigated land, or five hectares of unused land, where the new owners will pay royalty taxes and the computable amount of land to the original landholders for a maximum of fifteen years. Ang ganitong mga nangungupahan ay maaaring-enjoy ng isang maximum ng tatlong hectares ng irigasyon, o limang hectares ng lupang hindi ginagamit, kung saan ang bagong may-ari ay magbabayad ng buwis sa pagkahari at ang nakukuwenta halaga ng lupa sa orihinal na landholders para sa isang maximum ng 15 taon. If, however, there are sharecroppers sharing lands with less than seven hectares of land area, the land will be converted to leaseholders with fixed rents. Kung, gayunpaman, may mga sharecroppers pagbabahagi ng lupain na may mas mababa sa pitong hectares ng lupa lugar, ang lupa ay convert sa leaseholders sa takdang rents. Only rice and corn fields were included to the PD 27.. Tanging ang bigas at mais patlang ay kasama sa PD 27 .. Noynoy hinikayat na ituloy ang implementasyon ng CARP MANILA – Nanawagan kay President-elect Benigno â€Å"Noynoy Aquino III nitong Biyernes ang dating pangulo ng Catholic Bishops’ Conference of the Philippines (CBCP) na ituloy ang implementasyon ng Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (CARP). Ayon kay Jaro Archbishop Angel Lagdameo, dating pangulo ng CBCP, nararapat na ipagpatuloy ang naturang batas dahil nakatutulong ito sa mga maliliit na magsasaka. â€Å"Let us hope that there will be a good spirit in the implementation of the CARP law, these law is for the farmers, ayon kay Lagdameo sa panayam ng Radio Veritas. Ang CARP ay unang ipinatupad sa ilalim ng liderato ng pumanaw na si dating pangulong Corazon Aquino, ina ni Noynoy. Nabahiran ng kontrobersiya ang naturang programa dahil mismong ang ilang bahagi ng lupain ng mga Aquino sa Tarlac – na mas kilala bilang Hacienda Luisita – na nasakop ng CARP ay nakaipit ngayon sa usaping legal sa Korte Suprema. Nauna rito, ipinangako ni Noynoy nitong panahon ng kampanya na ipapamahagi sa mga benepisaryong magsasaka ang bahagi ng Luisita sa 2013 kapag nanalo sa halalan. Samantala, inirekomenda ng National Secretariat for Social Action Justice and Peace ng CBCP si Christian Monsod, na italaga ni Aquino bilang kalihim ng Department of Agrarian Reform (DAR). Ayon kay Manila Auxiliary Bishop Broderick Pabillo, tagapangulo ng CBCP-NASSA, malawak ang kaalaman ni Monsod sa batas para sa repormang pang-agraryo. Si Monsod ay dating pinuno ng Commission on Elections (Comelec), at asawa ni dating economic planning secretary Winnie Monsod. Ang panawagan natin ay sana mag-appoint siya (Aquino) ng maayos na DAR secretary. Ang aking suggestion nga ay si Atty. Monsod dahil may malawak na siyang alam sa CARP law at may puso siya sa mga magsasaka, ayon kay Pabillo. Idinagdag ng Obispo na dapat suriing mabuti ni Aquino ang karakter at integridad ng mga taong itatalaga nito sa Gabinete para makatulong sa kanyang pangako na wawakasan ang katiwalian sa gobyerno at pag-alis ng kahirapan sa bansa. Luisita land, 1-M hectare others, up for distribution More than one million hectares of agricultural land, including the Hacienda Luisita plantation estate owned by the President and his relatives, have to be distributed to farmer-beneficiaries before 2014. Hacienda Luisita in Tarlac is a 6,453-hectare land owned by President Benigno Simeon â€Å"Noynoy Aquino III and the Cojuangco clan. Three Cabinet members— Department of Agrarian Reform Secretary Virgilio de los Reyes, Agriculture Secretary Proceso Alcala, and Environment Secretary Ramon Paje— already discussed on Tuesday how to speed up the process of distributing the land and providing support services to farmers. Meron ho tayong hanggang 2014 upang itoy gawin, kaya ating ginagawa, pinagsasanib-sanib natin ang pwersa ng DA, DAR at DENR upang itoy matupad, De los Reyes said in an interview over GMA News Unang Hirit on Thursday. The original Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (CARP) was extended last year for another five years. CARP, a land reform law mandated by R epublic Act 6657, was signed in 1988 by the late President Corazon Aquino, the incumbent President’s mother. Hacienda Luisita was placed under the CARP stock distribution option (SDO) scheme in 1988.